The Chinese Immune Multi-Omics Atlas (CIMA) represents a comprehensive investigation into the genetic and non-genetic factors that shape human immunity. By analyzing blood samples from over 400 individuals, researchers mapped the transcriptomic and epigenetic landscapes of 73 distinct immune cell types at single-cell resolution. This study identifies how age, sex, and ancestry drive variations in immune cell proportions and gene regulation. Using a specialized deep learning model, CIMA-CLM, the authors predicted how specific DNA mutations affect chromatin accessibility and disease risk. These findings bridge the gap between genetic variation and clinical conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. Ultimately, this atlas provides a high-resolution foundation for understanding immune-related diseases and developing personalized medical treatments.

References:

• Yin J, Zheng Y, Huang Z, et al. Chinese Immune Multi-Omics Atlas[J]. Science, 2026, 391(6781): eadt3130.