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0Recent breakthroughs in biofluid-based biomarkers are fundamentally altering the diagnosis and clinical management of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. Advanced technologies now enable the detection of specific proteins, such as amyloid-β, tau, and neurofilament light, in blood and cerebrospinal fluid to reflect ongoing brain pathology. These molecular tools facilitate early detection of neuronal injury and glial reactivity, allowing clinicians to distinguish between different types of dementia more accurately. The implementation of these tests supports the monitoring of disease-modifying therapies, specifically those targeting protein aggregates in the brain. However, practitioners must account for comorbidities like kidney disease and maintain strict standardization protocols to ensure diagnostic reliability. Ultimately, these biological markers provide a path toward precision medicine by linking clinical symptoms to specific pathophysiological processes.
References:
Zetterberg H, Bendlin B B. Biofluid biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative dementias[J]. Nature, 2026, 650(8100): 49-59.
