碳排放权交易并非前无古人。
实际上,欧盟碳市场的很多早期经验,是从美国硫市场习得的。
00:22 科斯定律与排放权交易
01:05 美国环境政策的转变
01:57 《清洁空气法案》的实施
02:49 市场化机制的引入
04:12 减排信用的出现
04:47 美国硫市场的建立
06:07 硫市场的效果
06:27 碳交易的全球推广
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《空气质量法(1967 Air Quality Act)》
《清洁空气法案(Clean Air Act, CAA)》
美国环境保护署(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA)
“抵销条款”(Offset Policy)
“非增加污染源”(Nonattainment New Source Review, NSR)
减排信用(Emission Reduction Credits, ERCs)
酸雨计划(Acid Rain Program)
加州碳市场(California Cap-and-Trade Program)
区域温室气体减排倡议(Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, RGGI)
西部气候倡议(Western Climate Initiative, WCI)
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Böhm S. Upsetting the offset: the political economy of carbon markets[M]. London: MayFlyBooks, 2009.
Ellerman A D, Convery F J, De Perthuis C. Pricing carbon: the European Union emissions trading scheme[M]. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Helm D. The carbon crunch: How we're getting climate change wrong—and how to fix it[M]. Yale. ORIM, 2012.
Stephan, Benjamin, and Richard Lane, eds. The politics of carbon markets. Routledge, 2014.
Rubin J. The carbon bubble: what happens to us when it bursts[M]. Vintage Canada, 2016.
Wettestad, Jørgen, and Lars H. Gulbrandsen, eds. The evolution of carbon markets: Design and diffusion. Routledge, 2017.
James Prosper. Carbon Trade: The Dawn of a New Age of Investing: An Introduction to Investing in a Sustainable World[M].2021.
Betz R, Michaelowa A, Castro P, et al. The carbon market challenge: preventing abuse through effective governance[M]. Cambridge University Press, 2022.
ICAP. Emissions Trading Worldwide: Status Report 2023.Berlin: International Carbon Action Partnership.2023.
World Bank. 2023. State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2023. © hdl.handle.net License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.
