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0欢迎收听 MediHealth Podcast。本期节目中，我们邀请到 Kam 教授，与我们一起探讨公共卫生领域的重要理念——一体健康。Kam 教授长期从事免疫学与传染病研究，并曾在新加坡和中国开展相关工作。
Welcome to the MediHealth Podcast. In today’s episode, we welcome Professor Kam, who shares his insights on an important public health concept known as One Health. Professor Kam has long worked in the fields of immunology and infectious diseases, with research experience in both Singapore and China.
Kam 教授指出，一体健康强调人类健康并不是孤立存在的，而是与动物和环境紧密相连。过去传染病研究更多聚焦于病毒本身，例如传播途径、免疫反应以及疫苗和药物开发。但随着生态系统不断变化，人们逐渐意识到，仅靠医学手段并不足以从根本上解决问题。
Professor Kam explains that One Health emphasizes that human health does not exist in isolation. Instead, it is closely connected to animals and the environment. In the past, infectious disease research mainly focused on the virus itself, such as how it spreads, how the immune system responds, and how vaccines and medicines can be developed. However, as ecosystems continue to change, people have gradually realized that medical approaches alone are not enough to solve these problems at their root.
他特别强调环境因素的重要性。森林砍伐、城市化、媒介扩散以及气候变化，都增加了动物与人类接触的机会，从而提升疾病传播风险。如果只关注动物和人类之间的关系，疾病可能会反复出现，这说明我们需要将环境纳入整体框架，才能更有效地管理未来的健康挑战。
He highlights the critical role of environmental factors. Deforestation, urbanization, the spread of disease vectors, and climate change all increase the chances of contact between animals and humans, which raises the risk of disease transmission. If we only focus on the relationship between humans and animals, diseases may continue to reappear. This shows that environmental factors must be included in a broader framework in order to better manage future health challenges.
Kam 教授也指出，环境同样会影响非传染性疾病。污染物、化学物质暴露以及塑料制品带来的长期生态变化，可能最终反过来危害人类健康，甚至影响下一代。
Professor Kam also notes that the environment influences non-communicable diseases as well. Pollution, chemical exposure, and long-term ecological changes caused by plastic use may eventually come back to harm human health, even affecting future generations.
最后，Kam 教授认为推动一体健康理念的关键挑战在于政策和公众沟通。科学发现需要以透明、开放的方式进入社会，才能建立信任并真正发挥作用。感谢 Kam 教授的分享，也感谢各位听众的收听，我们下期再见。
Finally, Professor Kam points out that one of the key challenges in promoting the One Health approach lies in policy and public communication. Scientific discoveries need to enter society in a transparent and open way in order to build trust and make a real impact. Thank you to Professor Kam for sharing his thoughts, and thanks all for tuning in. See you next time.
00:00 Professor Kam 分享他的跨学科研究之路
Professor Kam on his cross-disciplinary academic journey
01:29 我们过去理解疾病的方式遗漏了什么？
What did we miss in how we used to understand diseases?
03:07 环境因素，一个被长期忽视的第三维度
The long-neglected role of environmental factors
05:30 有时，从生态系统入手比不断开发新疫苗更可持续
Sometimes protecting ecosystems works better than creating new vaccines
07:51 一个塑料瓶可能正悄然影响着非传染性疾病
The hidden links between plastic bottles and non-communicable diseases
09:04 让分子层面的发现回到复杂多变的现实生态系统中接受检验
Testing molecular-level discoveries in complex, real-world ecosystems
10:24 “一体健康”面临的最大挑战：如何将科研成果转化为有效政策，并赢得公众信任
The biggest challenge for One Health is turning science into policy and earning public trust
14:30 给学生的建议#1：不要害怕在研究中犯错，错误是最好的老师
Advice for students #1: Don’t be afraid to make mistakes, they are the best teacher
16:47 给学生的建议#2：理解免疫细胞的工作机制后，更要思考这些知识如何服务于广阔的世界
Advice for students #2: After learning how the immune system works, think about applying it to real-world problems
