有不少朋友是喜欢鸟叫声的，可是因为生活奔忙，会忽略掉这些自然最简单的歌声。 我们国家有传统笼养鸣禽文化，现在绝大多数鸣禽属于保护动物，私自饲养违法，自在林间的天籁才能更动人。德国的科学家实验发现，人类喜欢的鸟叫声有四条规律：音调偏高、音域干净避开人耳敏感频段、不会突然爆响、旋律富有变化。欧乌鸫凭着多变悠扬的鸣唱拿下人气第一，夜莺、华丽琴鸟、林鸫、画眉、黑尾蜡嘴雀也各有特色。 还有就是铁肺大嗓门，吉尼斯纪录保持者白钟伞鸟堪称王者，峰值叫声可达 125.4 分贝，和电锯产生的噪音差不多。在求偶的时候雄鸟会贴脸对着雌鸟嘶吼，因为这是一场硬核体能测试，响亮鸣叫是无法造假的健康信号。 鸟类能唱出丰富声响，核心依靠独特的鸣管结构，左右声道可独立发声，搭配超快肌肉实现超快颤音。演化还分出两条路线：温带鸣禽卷唱腔才艺，雨林伞鸟比拼音量，都是适配环境的生存巧思。 冠军歌唱家 - 欧乌鸫 新疆歌鸲 华丽琴鸟 棕林鸫 夜莺 尖声伞鸟 最大嗓门铁肺 白钟伞鸟 以上图片来自于 Birdsoftheworld.org 声音文件来源： 欧乌鸫 - Dawn Wong - Xeno-canto 新疆歌鸲 - Zsombor - Xeno-canto 华丽琴鸟 - JJ Harrison - 康奈尔大学Macaulay图书馆 棕林鸫 - Jacob Saucier - 康奈尔大学Macaulay图书馆 夜莺 - Joao Ferreira Tomas - Xeno-canto 尖声伞鸟 - Brian O'Shea - Xeno-canto 白钟伞鸟 - Andrey Whitlock - 康奈尔大学Macaulary图书馆 画眉 - Denver Wang 黑尾蜡嘴雀 - Denver Wang 背景音乐 You don't have to say you love me - IL volo 参考文献： 1. Catchpole, C. K., & Slater, P. J. B. (2008). Bird song: Biological themes and variations (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. 2. Elemans, C. P. H., Mead, A. F., Rome, L. C., & Goller, F. (2008). Superfast vocal muscles in songbirds. PLoS ONE, 3(7), Article e2581. 3. Fletcher, H., & Munson, W. A. (1933). Loudness, its definition, measurement and calculation. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 5(2), 82–108 4. Jakobsen, L., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Juhl, P. M., & Elemans, C. P. H. (2021). How loud can you go? Physical and physiological constraints to producing high sound pressures in animal vocalizations. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 9, Article 657254. 5. Kalb, N., von Lücken, G., Lukanowski, J., Dechant, F., & Randler, C. (2026). Analyzing the acoustic parameters of bird vocalizations and their perceived pleasantness by humans. Frontiers in Bird Science, 5, Article 1794594. 6. Kaplan, R., & Kaplan, S. (1989). The experience of nature: A psychological perspective. Cambridge University Press. 7. Mead, A. F., Osinalde, N., Ørtenblad, N., Nielsen, J., Brewer, J., Vellema, M., Adam, I., Scharff, C., Song, Y., Frandsen, U., Shen, X. C., Blagoev, B., & Elemans, C. P. H. (2017). Fundamental constraints in synchronous muscle limit vertebrate motor performance. eLife, 6, Article e29425. 8. Morton, E. S. (1975). Ecological sources of selection on avian sounds. The American Naturalist, 109(965), 17–34. 9. Nemeth, E. (2004). Measuring the sound pressure level of the song of the screaming piha Lipaugus vociferans: One of the loudest birds in the world?. Bioacoustics, 14(3), 225–228. 10. Podos, J. (2001). Correlated evolution of morphology and vocal signal structure in Darwin's finches. Nature, 409(6817), 185–188. 11. Podos, J., & Cohn-Haft, M. (2019). Extremely loud mating songs at close range in white bellbirds. Current Biology, 29(20), R1068–R1069. 12. Ratcliffe, E., Gatersleben, B., & Sowden, P. T. (2016). Associations with bird sounds: How do they relate to perceived restorative potential? Journal of Environmental Psychology, 47, 136–144. 13. Ratcliffe, E., Gatersleben, B., & Sowden, P. T. (2020). Predicting the perceived restorative potential of bird sounds through acoustics and aesthetics. Environment and Behavior, 52(4), 371–400. 14. Riede, T., Beckers, G. J. L., Blevins, W., & Suthers, R. A. (2004). Inflation of the esophagus and vocal tract filtering in ring doves. Journal of Experimental Biology, 207(23), 4025–4036.

梁嘉善 Katherine，一位独立的鸻鹬保护工作者，曾在世界自然基金会工作。她常年奔波在鸻鹬迁徙的路线上，协助在东亚-澳大利西亚的研究者进行环志和记录的工作。 她和勺嘴鹬的遇见，就是没有约定的重逢。 带着旗标的勺嘴鹬K6 如果你看到了有旗标的鸟类，可以通过这些渠道进行报告，或者查询。

今天咱们继续聊诺奖背后的隐形功臣。 这期内容主要的主角是，鸽子，银鸥，鸡蛋！在做科研的路上，其实挫折很多，你会知道就算是诺奖得主也曾经会被拒稿，只能转投。所以，做科研的朋友们，你的转投没准就是未来的诺奖！ 善做鸡蛋卷的丽塔 印刻大师洛伦茨 哥俩好，廷伯根和洛伦兹 关于银鸥的报告 天线和两位“鸽粪清洁工” 国外的梗图 鸽子笼 参考文献： 1. Baltimore, D. (1970). Viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase: RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in virions of RNA tumour viruses. Nature, 226(5252), 1209–1211. 2. Billingham, R. E., Brent, L., & Medawar, P. B. (1953). 'Actively acquired tolerance' of foreign cells. Nature, 172(4379), 603–606. 3. Claude, A. (1946). Fractionation of mammalian liver cells by differential centrifugation: I. Problems, methods, and preparation of an extract. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 84(1), 51–59. 4. Cooper, M. D., Peterson, R. D., & Good, R. A. (1965). Delineation of the thymic and bursal lymphoid systems in the chicken. Nature, 205(4967), 143–146. 5. Dam, H. (1935). The antihaemorrhagic vitamin of the chick.: Occurrence and chemical nature. Nature, 135(3417), 652–653. 6. Dam, H. (1946). The discovery of vitamin K, its biological functions and therapeutical application. Nobel Lecture, Nobel Media AB. 7. Dicke, R. H., Peebles, P. J. E., Roll, P. G., & Wilkinson, D. T. (1965). Cosmic black-body radiation. The Astrophysical Journal, 142, 414–419. 8. Eijkman, C. (1929). Antineuritic vitamin and beriberi. Nobel Lecture, Nobel Media AB. 9. Glick, B., Chang, T. S., & Jaap, R. G. (1956). The bursa of Fabricius and antibody production. Poultry Science, 35(1), 224–225. 10. Krebs, H. A., & Johnson, W. A. (1937). Metabolism of ketonic acids in animal tissues. Enzymologia, 4, 148–156. 11. Levi-Montalcini, R. (1987). The nerve growth factor 35 years later. Science, 237(4819), 1154–1162. 12. Lorenz, K. (1935). Der Kumpan in der Umwelt des Vogels. Journal für Ornithologie, 83(2), 137–213. 13. Penzias, A. A., & Wilson, R. W. (1965). A measurement of excess antenna temperature at 4080 Mc/s. The Astrophysical Journal, 142, 419–421. 14. Ross, R. (1898). Report on the cultivation of Proteosoma Labbé, in grey mosquitoes. Indian Medical Gazette, 33(11), 401–408. 15. Rous, P. (1911). A sarcoma of the fowl transmissible by an agent separable from the tumor cells. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 13(4), 397–411. 16. Stehelin, D., Varmus, H. E., Bishop, J. M., & Vogt, P. K. (1976). DNA related to the transforming gene(s) of avian sarcoma viruses is present in normal avian DNA. Nature, 260(5547), 170–173. 17. Temin, H. M., & Mizutani, S. (1970). Viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase: RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in virions of Rous sarcoma virus. Nature, 226(5252), 1211–1213. 18. Theiler, M. (1951). The development of vaccines against yellow fever. Nobel Lecture, Nobel Media AB. 19. Tinbergen, N., & Perdeck, A. C. (1950). On the stimulus situation releasing the begging response in the newly hatched Herring Gull chick (Larus argentatus argentatus Pont.). Behaviour, 3(1), 1–39. BGM - 一万次悲伤｜逃跑计划

国庆节期间，2026 年的诺奖揭晓了。 历史上这些科学研究巅峰的背后，有不少的鸟类助力了科学的突破。 1902 年诺奖得主罗斯，因人体疟疾实验受阻，改用麻雀开展鸟疟实验，证实蚊虫传播疟原虫，揭开疟疾传播机制。 1929 年，埃克曼通过病鸡实验发现精米致病、糙米可治愈，推动维生素 B1 的发现，奠定维生素学说。 1951 年，泰累尔利用鸡胚培育出黄热病 17D 减毒疫苗，至今仍广泛使用。 1943 年，达姆在雏鸡实验中意外发现维生素 K，解释凝血机制，催生新生儿维 K 预防注射方案。 一只长肉瘤的母鸡带来的劳斯肉瘤病毒研究，更是连摘三次诺奖：1966 年劳斯发现肿瘤病毒。 1975 年科学家据此发现逆转录酶，修正分子生物学中心法则；1989 年毕晓普、瓦穆斯发现原癌基因，革新人类对癌症的认知。鸟类，成为现代医学与分子生物学重要的实验功臣。 参考文献 1. Baltimore, D. (1970). Viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase: RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in virions of RNA tumour viruses. Nature, 226(5252), 1209–1211. 2. Billingham, R. E., Brent, L., & Medawar, P. B. (1953). 'Actively acquired tolerance' of foreign cells. Nature, 172(4379), 603–606. 3. Claude, A. (1946). Fractionation of mammalian liver cells by differential centrifugation: I. Problems, methods, and preparation of an extract. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 84(1), 51–59. 4. Cooper, M. D., Peterson, R. D., & Good, R. A. (1965). Delineation of the thymic and bursal lymphoid systems in the chicken. Nature, 205(4967), 143–146. 5. Dam, H. (1935). The antihaemorrhagic vitamin of the chick.: Occurrence and chemical nature. Nature, 135(3417), 652–653. 6. Dam, H. (1946). The discovery of vitamin K, its biological functions and therapeutical application. Nobel Lecture, Nobel Media AB. 7. Dicke, R. H., Peebles, P. J. E., Roll, P. G., & Wilkinson, D. T. (1965). Cosmic black-body radiation. The Astrophysical Journal, 142, 414–419. 8. Eijkman, C. (1929). Antineuritic vitamin and beriberi. Nobel Lecture, Nobel Media AB. 9. Glick, B., Chang, T. S., & Jaap, R. G. (1956). The bursa of Fabricius and antibody production. Poultry Science, 35(1), 224–225. 10. Krebs, H. A., & Johnson, W. A. (1937). Metabolism of ketonic acids in animal tissues. Enzymologia, 4, 148–156. 11. Levi-Montalcini, R. (1987). The nerve growth factor 35 years later. Science, 237(4819), 1154–1162. 12. Lorenz, K. (1935). Der Kumpan in der Umwelt des Vogels. Journal für Ornithologie, 83(2), 137–213. 13. Penzias, A. A., & Wilson, R. W. (1965). A measurement of excess antenna temperature at 4080 Mc/s. The Astrophysical Journal, 142, 419–421. 14. Ross, R. (1898). Report on the cultivation of Proteosoma Labbé, in grey mosquitoes. Indian Medical Gazette, 33(11), 401–408. 15. Rous, P. (1911). A sarcoma of the fowl transmissible by an agent separable from the tumor cells. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 13(4), 397–411. 16. Stehelin, D., Varmus, H. E., Bishop, J. M., & Vogt, P. K. (1976). DNA related to the transforming gene(s) of avian sarcoma viruses is present in normal avian DNA. Nature, 260(5547), 170–173. 17. Temin, H. M., & Mizutani, S. (1970). Viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase: RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in virions of Rous sarcoma virus. Nature, 226(5252), 1211–1213. 18. Theiler, M. (1951). The development of vaccines against yellow fever. Nobel Lecture, Nobel Media AB. 19. Tinbergen, N., & Perdeck, A. C. (1950). On the stimulus situation releasing the begging response in the newly hatched Herring Gull chick (Larus argentatus argentatus Pont.). Behaviour, 3(1), 1–39. BGM - The Scientist | Coldplay

我们是很在意发量的，普通的成年人头皮毛囊大概有 8 万–15 万个，可是全身绝大多数体毛退化了。早期的鸟类学家手工逐根数毛，发现了鸟类羽毛的秘密。曾经有一个规律，体型越大，单位体重羽毛越少。小天鹅站了出来打破了规律。以前全认为帝企鹅羽毛密度最高，新研究发现它正羽密度其实一般，可是算上基部副羽、绒羽，总羽量登顶鸟类冠军。潜水的白喉河乌全身是毛，红喉北蜂鸟的毛量为了飞行而妥协。 告别焦虑吧，朋友。毛发多少这些全是大自然安排的。 好“鹅”一身毛 “划水”的鸟 白喉河乌 会飞，毛少..... 参考文献 1. Ammann, G. A. (1937). Number of contour feathers of Cygnus and Xanthocephalus. The Auk, 54(2), 201–202. 2. Wetmore, A. (1936). The number of contour feathers in Passeriformes and related birds. The Auk, 53(2), 159–169. 3. Hutt, F. B., & Ball, L. (1938). Number of feathers and body size in passerine birds. The Auk, 55(4), 651–657. 4. Williams, C. L., Hagelin, J. C., & Kooyman, G. L. (2015). Hidden keys to survival: The type, density, pattern and functional role of emperor penguin body feathers. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 282(1817), 20152033. 5. Kiat, Y., & O'Connor, J. K. (2024). Functional constraints on the number and shape of flight feathers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 121(8), e2306639121. 6. Ng, C. S., & Li, W.-H. (2018). Genetic and molecular basis of feather diversity in birds. Genome Biology and Evolution, 10(10), 2572–2586. 7. Davenport, J., O'Halloran, J., Hannah, F., McLaughlin, O., & Smiddy, P. (2009). Comparison of plumages of white-throated dipper Cinclus cinclus and blackbird Turdus merula. Waterbirds, 32(1), 169–178. 8. Davenport, J., Hughes, R. N., Shorten, M., & Larsen, P. S. (2011). Drag reduction by air release promotes fast ascent in jumping emperor penguins — a novel hypothesis. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 430, 171–182. 9. Paus, R., & Cotsarelis, G. (1999). The biology of hair follicles. New England Journal of Medicine, 341(7), 491–497. 10. Buffoli, B., Rinaldi, F., Labanca, M., Sorbellini, E., Trink, A., Guanziroli, E., Rezzani, R., & Rodella, L. F. (2014). The human hair: From anatomy to physiology. International Journal of Dermatology, 53(3), 331–341. 11. Pagel, M., & Bodmer, W. (2003). A naked ape would have fewer parasites. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 270(Suppl. 1), S117–S119. 12. Prum, R. O., & Brush, A. H. (2002). The evolutionary origin and diversification of feathers. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 77(1), 3–55. 13. Chen, C.-F., Foley, J., Tang, P.-C., Li, A., Jiang, T.-X., Wu, P., Widelitz, R. B., & Chuong, C.-M. (2015). Development, regeneration, and evolution of feathers. Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, 3, 169–199. 14. Ho, W. K. W., Freem, L., Zhao, D., Painter, K. J., Woolley, T. E., Gaffney, E. A., McGrew, M. J., Tzika, A., Milinkovitch, M. C., Schneider, P., Drul, A., et al. (2019). Feather arrays are patterned by interacting signalling and cell density waves. PLoS Biology, 17(1), e3000132. 15. Jung, H.-S., Francis-West, P. H., Widelitz, R. B., Jiang, T.-X., Ting-Berreth, S., Tickle, C., Wolpert, L., & Chuong, C.-M. (1998). Local inhibitory action of BMPs and their relationships with activators in feather formation: Implications for periodic patterning. Developmental Biology, 196(1), 11–23. 16. Harris, M. P., Williamson, S., Fallon, J. F., Meinhardt, H., & Prum, R. O. (2005). Molecular evidence for an activator-inhibitor mechanism in development of embryonic feather branching. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102(33), 11734–11739. 17. Dawson, C., Vincent, J. F. V., Jeronimidis, G., Rice, G., & Forshaw, P. (1999). Heat transfer through penguin feathers. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 199(3), 291–295. 18. Du, N., Fan, J., Wu, H., Chen, S., & Liu, Y. (2007). An improved model of heat transfer through penguin feathers and down. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 248(4), 727–735. 19. Rijke, A. M., & Jesser, W. A. (2010). The feather structure of dippers: Water repellency and resistance to water penetration. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 122(4), 727–733. 20. Mallo, M. (2021). Of necks, trunks and tails: Axial skeletal diversity among vertebrates. Diversity, 13(7), 289. BGM Wind In Your Hair - Single azayaka Hair up - Justin Timberlake, Gwen Stefani & Ron Funches

天鹅座、天鹰座和乌鸦座，是全天 88 个星座里仅有的，而且在我们中国可见的三座 "鸟星座"。在九个以鸟命名的星座里，前三个源自于两河流域和古希腊，其余六座是大航海时代的荷兰水手在南天的发现。我们把飞鸟的轮廓还有名字赋予了星座，在永恒孤独的宇宙里，也算是安放了我们关于时间、生命与救赎的尊严。 乌鸦座 喝不到水的乌鸦 天鹰座 天鹅座 参考文献 * Dexter, M. R. (2011). The monstrous Goddess: The degeneration of ancient bird and snake goddesses into historic age witches and monsters. The Journal of Archaeomythology, 7, 181–202. * Gimbutas, M. (1989). The language of the Goddess: Unearthing the hidden symbols of Western civilization. Harper & Row. * Gimbutas, M. (1991). The civilization of the Goddess: The world of Old Europe (J. Marler, Ed.). HarperSanFrancisco. * Petrischak, H. (2020). Birds in constellations. In O. Grimm, K.-H. Gersmann, & A.-L. Tropato (Eds.), Raptor on the fist: Falconry, its imagery and similar motifs throughout the millennia on a global scale (Vol. 2.1, pp. 165–170). Wachholtz Verlag. * Röllig, W. (1991). Überlegungen zum Etana-Mythos. In I. Gamer-Wallert & W. Helck (Eds.), Gegengabe: Festschrift für Emma Brunner-Traut (pp. 283–288). Attempto Verlag. * Szücs-Csillik, I., Bădocan, I., & Maxim, Z. (2022). Neolithic birds on the night sky (I). Acta Terrae Septemcastrensis, 21, 203–223. * Szücs-Csillik, I., & Maxim, Z. (2016). Celestial snake and agrarian calendar. Anuarul Muzeului Etnografic al Transilvaniei, 418–432. * Szücs-Csillik, I., & Maxim, Z. (2021). Some crucial constellations in the Neolithic: Gemini-Taurus and Sagittarius-Scorpius. ArheoVest, 9(2), 533–552. * Allen, R. H. (1899). Star-names and their meanings. G. E. Stechert. (Reprinted as Star names: Their lore and meaning, Dover Publications, 1963). * Bayer, J. (1603). Uranometria: Omnium asterismorum continens schemata, nova methodo delineata, aereis laminis expressa. Christoph Mang. * Bode, J. E. (1801). Uranographia, sive Astrorum Descriptio viginti tabulis aeneis incisa ex recentissimis et absolutissimis Astronomorum observationibus. Apud Autorem. * Jamieson, A. (1822). A celestial atlas comprising a systematic display of the heavens in a series of thirty sheets of illustrated maps. G. & W. B. Whittaker. * Le Monnier, P. C. (1776). Constellation du Solitaire. Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences avec les Mémoires de Mathématique et de Physique, 1776, 561–564. * Ovidius Naso, P. (2004). Metamorphoses (G. Fink, Trans. & Ed., Ovid – Metamorphosen: Das Buch der Mythen und Verwandlungen). Artemis & Winkler. * Ptolemaeus, C. (1984). Ptolemy's Almagest (G. J. Toomer, Trans.). Duckworth. (Original work compiled c. 150 AD). * Ridpath, I. (1988). Star tales. James Clarke & Co. / Lutterworth Press. * Sesti, G. M. (1991). The glorious constellations: History and mythology. Harry N. Abrams. * Hawking, S. W. (1988). A brief history of time: From the big bang to black holes. Bantam Books. * Miller-Jones, J. C. A., Bahramian, A., Orosz, J. A., Mandel, I., Gou, L., Maccarone, T. J., Neijssel, C. J., Zhao, X., Ziółkowski, J., Reid, M. J., Matthews, L. D., Tomsick, J. A., Ligterink, N. F. W., & Russell, T. D. (2021). Cygnus X-1 contains a 21-solar mass black hole—Implications for massive star winds. Science, 371(6533), 1046–1049. * Neijssel, C. J., Vinciguerra, S., Vigna-Gómez, A., Hirai, R., Miller-Jones, J. C. A., Bahramian, A., Maccarone, T. J., & Mandel, I. (2021). Wind mass-loss rates of stripped stars inferred from the Cygnus X-1 binary system. The Astrophysical Journal, 908(2), 118. * Thorne, K. S. (1994). Black holes and time warps: Einstein's outrageous legacy. W. W. Norton & Company. * Zhao, X., Gou, L., Dong, Y., Zheng, X., Steiner, J. F., Miller-Jones, J. C. A., Bahramian, A., Orosz, J. A., & Ziółkowski, J. (2021). Re-evaluating the spin and accretor mass of the first black hole candidate Cygnus X-1. The Astrophysical Journal, 908(2), 117. * Delporte, E. (1930). Délimitation scientifique des constellations (tables et cartes). Cambridge University Press / International Astronomical Union. * International Astronomical Union (IAU). (2024). IAU catalog of star names (IAU-CSN). Working Group on Star Names (WGSN). * Keller, H.-U. (2017). Das Kosmos-Himmelsjahr 2018: Sonne, Mond und Sterne im Jahreslauf. Franckh-Kosmos Verlag. * Ottescu, I. (1907). Credințele țăranului român despre cer și stele [Romanian peasants' beliefs in stars and sky]. Analele Academiei Române, Seria II, Tom. XXIX, București. * Pamfile, T. (1915). Cerul și podoabele lui după credințele poporului român [The sky and its ornaments according to Romanian folk beliefs]. Academia Română, București. * 新华社 (Xinhua News Agency). (2026). 古人称“天津九星，横河中” 寻访星空鹊桥. 新华网科技科普专栏. BGM I Am the Cosmos - Heirs of Fortune - Circus of Mirth

将近两百多年以来，我们一直认为鸟类的嗅觉退化了，只能靠视觉和听觉生活。这些误解可能源自于奥杜邦早年间做的关于红头美洲鹫实验，成为学界共识。上百年以后，有负责天然气巡线的工人发现，管道泄漏散发出来的乙硫醇会吸引秃鹫聚集，才让研究者重新审视鸟类嗅觉。 其实我们一直在用我们和动物相比非常迟钝的感觉去武断判断了动物的感知世界。 北岛褐几维鸟在喙尖端的鼻孔 哈哈，梗图一张 参考文献： * Amo, L., Galván, I., Tomás, G., & Sanz, J. J. (2008). Predator odour recognition and avoidance in a songbird. Functional Ecology, 22(2), 289–293. * Amo, L., Jansen, J. J., van Dam, N. M., Dicke, M., & Visser, M. E. (2013). Birds exploit herbivore-induced plant volatiles to locate herbivorous prey. Ecology Letters, 16(11), 1348–1355. * Amo, L., Dicke, M., & Visser, M. E. (2016). Are naïve birds attracted to herbivore-induced plant defences? Behaviour, 153(3), 353–366. * Audubon, J. J. (1826). An account of the habits of the Turkey Buzzard (Vultur aura), particularly with the view of exploding the opinion generally entertained of its extraordinary power of smelling. Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, 2, 172–184. * Bang, B. G., & Cobb, S. (1968). 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和我们人类楼市选择相似，鸟类在每年的繁殖季也面抉择。是耗费体能新建一个巢穴？还是干脆就用旧的巢。？这个非常简单的选择，是鸟类在漫长演化中形成的精准生存权衡，暗藏着自然的生存法则。 不同的鸟类有着不同的筑巢习性。小型雀形目鸣禽的露天杯状巢，经过了风吹雨淋很容易霉变破损，还容易被天敌锁定位置，所以它们坚持年年筑新巢。住树洞巢的鸟类、大型的猛禽和群居鸟类更偏爱复用旧巢。 筑巢是极度消耗体能与时间的工程。鸟类的选择始终遵循着能量平衡的逻辑。体能充足、时间充就筑新巢；体质孱弱、繁殖窗口期紧张就用旧巢求生存。这样的不动产抉择方式是大自然最残酷也最公平的生存智慧。 参考文献 * Wiebe, K. L., Koenig, W. D., & Martin, K. (2007). Costs and benefits of nest reuse versus excavation in cavity-nesting birds. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 44(3), 209–217. * Hafstad, I., Stokke, B. G., Vikan, J. R., Rutila, J., Røskaft, E., & Moksnes, A. (2005). Within-year nest reuse in open-nesting, solitary breeding passerines. Ornis Norvegica, 28, 58–61. * Barclay, R. M. R. (1988). Variation in the costs, benefits, and frequency of nest reuse by Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica). The Auk, 105(1), 53–60. * Cancellieri, S., & Murphy, M. T. (2013). Experimental examination of nest reuse by an open-cup-nesting passerine: Time/energy savings or nest site shortage? Animal Behaviour, 85(6), 1287–1294. DOI：10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.03.017 * Cancellieri, S. A. (2013). An experimental investigation of nest reuse and nest site selection in an open-cup nesting passerine (Master's thesis). Portland State University. DOI：10.15760/etd.641 * Otterbeck, A., Selås, V., Nielsen, J. T., Roualet, É., & Lindén, A. (2019). The paradox of nest reuse: Early breeding benefits reproduction, but nest reuse increases nest predation risk. Oecologia, 190(3), 559–568. DOI：10.1007/s00442-019-04436-7 * Higgins, J., & Flaherty, K. (2021). Analysis of nest re-use by secondary cavity nesters. Fairmont State University & Project NestWatch. * Hansell, M. (2000). Bird nests and construction behaviour. Cambridge University Press. * Collias, N. E., & Collias, E. C. (1984). Nest building and bird behavior. Princeton University Press. * Brown, C. R., & Brown, M. B. (1986). Ectoparasitism as a cost of coloniality in Cliff Swallows (Hirundo pyrrhonota). Ecology, 67(5), 1206–1218. * Withers, P. C. (1977). Energetic aspects of reproduction by the Cliff Swallow. The Auk, 94(4), 718–725. * Sonerud, G. A. (1985). Nest hole shift in Tengmalm's Owl Aegolius funereus as defence against nest predation involving long-term memory in the predator. Journal of Animal Ecology, 54(1), 179–192. * Sonerud, G. A., & Fjeld, P. E. (1987). Long-term memory in egg predators: An experiment with a Hooded Crow. Ornis Scandinavica, 18(4), 323–325. * Newton, I. (1986). The Sparrowhawk. T & AD Poyser. * Newton, I. (1998). Population limitation in birds. Academic Press. * Martin, T. E. (1993). Evolutionary determinants of clutch size in cavity-nesting birds: Nest predation or limited breeding opportunities? The American Naturalist, 142(6), 937–946. * Martin, T. E. (1995). Avian life history evolution in relation to nest sites, nest predation, and food. Ecological Monographs, 65(1), 101–127. * Walters, E. L., Miller, E. H., & Lowther, P. E. (2002). Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius). In A. Poole & F. Gill (Eds.), The Birds of North America (No. 662). Birds of North America, Inc. * Jackson, J. A. (1977). Red-cockaded Woodpeckers and pine red heart disease. The Auk, 94(1), 160–163. * Collias, N. E., & Collias, E. C. (1978). Cooperative breeding behavior in the Sociable Weaver Philetairus socius. Encyclopaedia of Avian Biology, 19, 18–32. * van Dijk, R. E., Kaden, J. C., Argüelles-Ticó, A., Dawson, D. A., Burke, T., & Hatchwell, B. J. (2013). The thermoregulatory benefits of the communal nest of sociable weavers Philetairus socius are spatially structured within nests. Journal of Avian Biology, 44(2), 102–110. * Covas, R., Doutrelant, C., & du Plessis, M. A. (2004). Experimental evidence of benefits of helping in the cooperatively breeding sociable weaver. Behavioral Ecology, 15(4), 668–673. * Broley, C. L. (1947). Migration and nesting of Florida Bald Eagles. The Wilson Bulletin, 59(1), 3–20. * Dunning, J. B. (1993). CRC handbook of avian body masses. CRC Press (Hamerkop nest construction dynamics). BGM Let’s Go Home Together - Ella Henderson & Tom Grennan

你知道每年春天，有多少只鸟飞过美洲大陆吗？数以百亿计。仅春季北迁的候鸟，总生物量就超过三万吨。它们无声无息，却波澜壮阔。但迁徙从来不是一帆风顺：风暴、沙漠、磁场扰动，都会让一些个体脱离航线。在鸟类学里，这些迷途的漂流者，被称为 ' 迷鸟 '。它们能找回回家的路吗？ 你见过迷路的鸟吗？或者，你有没有过 ' 迷航 ' 的经历，最后找到回家的路了吗？欢迎您在评论区聊聊。 参考文献 * Andrade, P., Franco, A. M. A., Acácio, M., Afonso, S., Marques, C. I., Moreira, F., Carneiro, M., & Catry, I. (2025). Mechanisms underlying the loss of migratory behaviour in a long-lived bird. Journal of Animal Ecology, 94(5), 1061–1075. DOI：10.1111/1365-2656.70035 * Berthold, P., Helbig, A. J., Mohr, G., & Querner, U. (1992). Rapid micro-evolution of migratory behaviour in a wild bird species. Nature, 360(6405), 668–670. DOI：10.1038/360668a0 * Buechley, E. R., Oppel, S., Efrat, R., Phipps, W. L., Alanis, I. C., Alvarez, E., Andreotti, A., Arkumarev, V., Berger-Tal, O., Bermejo, A., Bounas, A., Ceccolini, G., Cenerini, A., Dobrev, V., Duriez, O., García, J., García-Ripollés, C., Galán, M., Gil, A., … Marra, P. P. (2021). 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在上周的内容里我们简单介绍了希腊神话和中国神话中的一些异同，也对两种神话体系里各自的创世纪，英雄，美女做了个比较。今天的节目就把天庭体系里的各位神仙和奥林匹斯的十二主神做一个比较吧。 看看能不能一一对应上。 红陶罐上的命运三女神 哈迪斯抢亲 种子女神和农业女神的团聚 明代玉皇大帝的画像 正牌太阳神-赫利俄斯 太阳神的坑爹儿子 参考文献： [1] 袁珂. 中国神话通论[M]. 成都:巴蜀书社,1993. [2] 袁珂. 山海经校注[M]. 北京:北京联合出版公司,2014. [3] 刘安. 淮南子[M]. 高诱,注. 上海:上海古籍出版社,2018. [4] 闻一多. 神话与诗[M]. 北京:中华书局,2016. [5] 茅盾. 中国神话研究ABC[M]. 上海:上海古籍出版社,2019. [6] 李泽厚. 美的历程[M]. 北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店,2017. [7] 葛兆光. 中国思想史[M]. 上海:复旦大学出版社,2013. [8] 陈鼓应. 道家思想与中国神话文化[M]. 北京:中华书局,2020. [9] 张岱年. 中国文化概论[M]. 北京:北京师范大学出版社,2018. [10] 王钟陵. 中国上古神话的系统性及文化内涵[J]. 文学评论,2015(02):112-120. [11] 赵敏俐. 中西神话精神差异与文明底色溯源[J]. 中国社会科学文摘,2021(05):78-79. [12] 刘毓庆. 道教仙话对中国上古神话的体系补全与伦理重构[J]. 民俗研究,2020(03):89-97. [13] 刘书刚. 《西游记》三教融合的神话体系建构研究[J]. 明清小说研究,2019(04):102-115. [1] Homer. The Iliad[M]. Translated by Richmond Lattimore. Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1951. [2] Homer. The Odyssey[M]. Translated by Richmond Lattimore. Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1965. [3] Hesiod. Theogony and Works and Days[M]. Translated by Stanley Lombardo. Indianapolis:Hackett Publishing,1993. [4] Hamilton E. Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes[M]. New York:Little, Brown and Company,1942. [5] Kirk G S. The Nature of Greek Myths[M]. London:Penguin Classics,1974. [6] Burkert W. Greek Religion: Archaic and Classical[M]. Translated by John Raffan. Oxford:Blackwell Publishing,1985. [7] Vernant J P. Myth and Society in Ancient Greece[M]. Translated by Janet Lloyd. New York:Zone Books,1990. [8] Meuli K. Greek Mythology and Religion[J]. The Journal of Hellenic Studies,1976(96):1-18. BGM 生活倒影 - 苏运莹

中西方的神话是所有神话体系中最硬核的存在。 虽然远隔万里，但是在有的部分又有类似的地方。正好前段时间我们的节目里提到了在荷马史诗里出现的鸟类，今天就歪楼一下，来戏说下东西方神话的不同，咱们也一起找找别扭。 因为资料和内容比较多，我们就分成上下两集。 上集主要就是关于神话体系里创世纪，造人，神仙的生活状态，英雄， 美女这些。 在下集内容里会再来对应下天庭和奥林匹斯山的“管理层”。 注：关于阿芙洛狄特的出生， 有不同的版本。 在荷马史诗里，说她是宙斯的女儿，也是我们这次的表述。 在赫西俄德的神迹里面， 她是宙斯的长辈。乌拉诺斯在被克洛诺斯阉割了以后，他的生殖器官掉到了海里，化成了泡沫， 在泡沫中诞生了阿芙洛狄特，也就是著名的维纳斯的诞生（维纳斯是阿芙洛狄特的罗马名字）。 波提切利 - 维纳斯的诞生 中间C位，站在贝壳上的就是维纳斯。左边两位是风神，男性是西风神费泽罗斯，女性的说法众多，有的说是微风女神奥拉，也有的说是西风神的妻子，花仙克洛里斯。右边的这位有的说是春之时序女神，也有的说是美惠三女神之一。 比较有意思的是，看到岸边的菖蒲了么？据说那是对克洛诺斯被阉割掉的生殖器官的隐喻。 我个人才疏学浅，只是阅读过部分的内容， 如果有什么错误的地方，还请大家多多指正。 参考文献 [1] 刘安。淮南子 [M]. 高诱，注。上海：上海古籍出版社，2018. [2] 闻一多。神话与诗 [M]. 北京：中华书局，2016. [3] 茅盾。中国神话研究 ABC [M]. 上海：上海古籍出版社，2019. [4] 袁珂。中国神话通论 [M]. 成都：巴蜀书社，1993. [5] 袁珂。山海经校注 [M]. 北京：北京联合出版公司，2014. [6] 李泽厚。美的历程 [M]. 北京：生活・读书・新知三联书店，2017. [7] 葛兆光。中国思想史 [M]. 上海：复旦大学出版社，2013. [8] 陈鼓应。道家思想与中国神话文化 [M]. 北京：中华书局，2020. [9] 张岱年。中国文化概论 [M]. 北京：北京师范大学出版社，2018. [10] 张学明。中西神话 [M]. 北京：北京大学出版社，2013. [11] 赫西俄德。神谱 [M]. 张竹明，译。北京：商务印书馆，1997. [12] 荷马。伊利亚特 [M]. 罗念生，译。北京：人民文学出版社，1994. [13] 上海博物馆。博物馆与古希腊文明 [M]. 上海：上海古籍出版社，2014. [14] 王钟陵。中国上古神话的系统性及文化内涵 [J]. 文学评论，2015 (02):112‑120. [15] 赵敏俐。中西神话精神差异与文明底色溯源 [J]. 中国社会科学文摘，2021 (05):78‑79. [16] 刘毓庆。道教仙话对中国上古神话的体系补全与伦理重构 [J]. 民俗研究，2020 (03):89‑97. [17] 刘书刚.《西游记》三教融合的神话体系建构研究 [J]. 明清小说研究，2019 (04):102‑115. [18] 丁梦圆。中西神话中人与自然关系的比较探究 [J]. 文化艺术创新，2024,7 (4):1‑4. [19] 澳门特别行政区政府文化局。玄天上帝与太上老君典籍考 [J]. 文化杂志，2011 (80):101‑110. [20] 维基百科编者。玉皇上帝 [EB/OL].(2023)[2026‑08‑25]. [21] HOMER. The Iliad[M]. LATTIMORE R,trans. Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1951. [22] HOMER. The Odyssey[M]. LATTIMORE R,trans. Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1965. [23] HESIOD. Theogony and Works and Days[M]. LOMBARDO S,trans. Indianapolis:Hackett Publishing,1993. [24] HAMILTON E. Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes[M]. New York:Little, Brown and Company,1942. [25] KIRK G S. The Nature of Greek Myths[M]. London:Penguin Classics,1974. [26] BURKERT W. Greek Religion: Archaic and Classical[M]. RAFFAN J,trans. Oxford:Blackwell Publishing,1985. [27] VERNANT J P. Myth and Society in Ancient Greece[M]. LLOYD J,trans. New York:Zone Books,1990. [28] LLOYD G E R. The ambitions of curiosity: Understanding the world in ancient Greece and China[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2002. [29] MEULI K. Greek Mythology and Religion[J]. The Journal of Hellenic Studies,1976(96):1‑18. [30] WANG X Y. The legacy of ancient cultures: Rational concepts in ancient Chinese and ancient Greek mythology and their significance in modern literature[J]. Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics,2023,9(1):110‑122. [31] SHENG X. Cultural and value differences of goddess in ancient Greece and China[J]. European Scientific Journal,2017,13(23):102‑114. [32] KOSTUCH L. Do animals have a homeland? Ancient Greeks on the cultural identity of animals[J]. Humanimalia: A Journal of Human/Animal Interface Studies,2017,9(1):69‑87. [33] Atlantis Press. A brief comparison on the images of gods in Chinese and Greek mythology and the social background[C]//Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research.Paris:Atlantis Press,2020.21.5‑219. [34] Comparative Mythology Studies. Cross‑cultural motifs in creation and flood mythologies[J]. Journal of Comparative Literature,2023,15(2):45‑60. [35] International Journal of Education and Humanities. Comparative analysis of ancient Chinese and Greek myths and their cultural legacies[J]. IJEH,2023,5(1):12‑18. BGM Apollo - Nightcore High & Timebelle

谁说夜里不能看鸟？科技发展越来越快，热成像仪现在已经从下放到民用的水平， 那么科学家是如何来利用这件神器来进行鸟类监测的呢？ 山西浑源县永安禅寺 - 撕面明王 山西应县木塔和周围的雨燕 鹤飞去南方和矮人干仗！ 此冰下的淤泥里打捞出来冬眠的鸟 参考文献： 1. Johnson, T. B., Gochfeld, D., Roach, M. C., Apte, G. A., Gallardy, R., Wilson, S. C., Marden, A., Irons, D. J., Farnsworth, A., & Rutt, C. L. (2026). Seeing in the dark: Using thermal imaging to directly observe nocturnal migration. Ornithology, 143(2), ukaf074. 2. Mitchell, W. F., & Clarke, R. H. (2019). Using infrared thermography to detect night-roosting birds. Journal of Field Ornithology, 90(2), 1–13. 3. 吕不韦等. (前239年). 《吕氏春秋·季秋纪》. 4. 杜甫. (759年). 《月夜忆舍弟》. 5. 卢纶. (唐代). 《和张仆射塞下曲六首·其三》. 6. 王昌龄. (唐代). 《太湖秋夕》. 7. 雍陶. (唐代). 《秋露》. 8. 吴兆骞. (清代). 《帐夜》. 9. Aristotle. (c. 350 BCE). Historia Animalium (Book VII/VIII). (Trans. D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson). 10. Magnus, O. (1555). Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus (Description of the Northern Peoples). Rome. 11. Morton, C. (1686). Compendium Physicae. Early English Books Online. 12. 文史天地《中国人最好的夜色被唐朝人写绝了》 13. Scott, W. E. D. (1881). Some observations on the migration of birds. Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club, 6(2), 97–100. 14. Libby, O. G. (1899). The nocturnal flight of migrating birds. The Auk, 16(2), 140–146. 15. Gauthreaux, S. A., Jr., & Belser, C. G. (2003). Radar ornithology and biological conservation. The Auk, 120(2), 266–277. 16. McCafferty, D. J. (2013). Applications of thermal imaging in avian science. Ibis, 155(1), 4–15. 17. Van Doren, B. M., & Horton, K. G. (2018). A continental system for forecasting bird migration. Science, 361(6407), 1115–1118. 18. Van Doren, B. M., Farnsworth, A., Stone, K., Osterhaus, D. M., Drucker, J., & Van Horn, G. (2024). Nighthawk: Acoustic monitoring of nocturnal bird migration in the Americas. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 15(2), 329–344. BGM Night Bird - Keysmoa & July | Piano Society. 3 Share the Land - The Guess Who 听友群号：hotpeaker

流苏鹬雄鸟有三种截然不同的繁殖策略，其中80-95%是独立型雄性， 他们好斗，饰羽华丽；有5-20%的卫星型雄鸟，他们的羽毛白色，和独立雄性混在一起，借机交配；还有大概1%的伪装型雄鸟， 他们是女装大佬，拟态雌鸟偷袭繁殖。这些策略是由11号染色体上约450万碱基对的倒位超级基因决定的。大自然以此证明，成功繁衍的策略不止一种。 从做到右三位男士 - 伪装性雄鸟（女装大佬），卫星型雄鸟（白衣骑士），霸道领主（独立型雄鸟） 哈利波特 - 差点无头的尼克，脖子上那一圈就是Ruff 参考文献： Giraldo-Deck, L. M., Loveland, J. L., Goymann, W., Tschirren, B., Burke, T., Kempenaers, B., Lank, D. B., & Küpper, C. (2022). Intralocus conflicts associated with a supergene. Nature Communications, 13(1), 1384. Hill, J., Enbody, E. D., Bi, H., Lamichhaney, S., Lei, W., Chen, J., Wei, C., Liu, Y., Schwochow, D., Younis, S., Widemo, F., & Andersson, L. (2023). Low mutation load in a supergene underpinning alternative male mating strategies in ruff (Calidris pugnax). Molecular Biology and Evolution, 40(12), msad224. Loveland, J. L., Zemella, A., Jovanović, V. M., Möller, G., Sager, C. P., Bastos, B., Dyar, K. A., Fusani, L., Gahr, M., Giraldo-Deck, L. M., Goymann, W., Lank, D. B., Tokarz, J., Nowick, K., & Küpper, C. (2025). A single gene orchestrates androgen variation underlying male mating morphs in ruffs. Science, 387(6732), 406–412. Loveland, J. L., Giraldo-Deck, L. M., Lank, D. B., Goymann, W., Gahr, M., & Küpper, C. (2021). Functional differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis are associated with alternative reproductive tactics based on an inversion polymorphism. Hormones and Behavior, 127, 104877. Lamichhaney, S., Fan, G., Widemo, F., Gunnarsson, U., Thalmann, D. S., Hoeppner, M. P., Kerje, S., Gustafson, U., Shi, C., Zhang, H., Chen, W., Liang, X., Huang, L., Wang, J., Liang, E., Wu, Q., Lee, S. M.-Y., Xu, X., Höglund, J., Liu, X., & Andersson, L. (2016). Structural genomic changes underlie alternative reproductive strategies in the ruff (Philomachus pugnax). Nature Genetics, 48(1), 84–88. Campagna L. Supergenes: the genomic architecture of a bird with four sexes. Curr Biol. 2016 Feb 8;26(3):R105-R107. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.12.005. PMID: 26859263. Maney DL, Merritt JR, Prichard MR, Horton BM, Yi SV. Inside the supergene of the bird with four sexes. Horm Behav. 2020 Nov;126:104850. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2020.104850. PMID: 32937166; PMCID: PMC7725849. BGM：Michael Bolton - When a man loves a woman

公元402年，罗马从不列颠撤离以后，盎格鲁-撒克逊人陆续登陆，开启了不列颠的“七国时代”。在古英语诗歌《航海者》里记录了在那个时候人与自然的交锋，在以鸟为名的地名里还封存了他们更细腻的生态记忆。在现在的英国，有很多地名比如“斯尼特菲尔德”（沙锥之地）或“乌尔库姆”（鸮之谷），就是古英语对鸟类习性和鸣叫的“拟声实录”。那时候住在英国的岛人把夜栖的猫头鹰看成是黑暗的化身，把杜鹃的啼鸣当成了能留住夏日的咒语。 相比之下，中国带鸟名的地名就更具宏大叙事。河南鹤壁，山西雁门关，深圳“鹏城”，西安大雁塔等等，我门从微观的生态观察到宏观的军事图腾，地名见证了中国人和鸟类的共生。 不过，随着城市化推进，现在很多多地名早就名不副实了，还有你一些地产开发商滥用鸟名当成物业的名字来做营销，这些词汇就失去了生态根基。好在最近有流行和开展了“再野化”工程中，这些古老地名就成了找回失落自然的初始导航图。毕竟，我们人类从来不是独居在大地智商，而是活在万物共织的生命网里。 参考文献： Anonymous. (c. 10th Century). The Seafarer. In The Exeter Book (MS 3501, Exeter Cathedral Library). [Exeter Book manuscript depicting Old English avian imagery, soundscapes, and nautical isolation]. Bartholomew Anglicus (Bartholomew the Englishman). (c. 1240 / Trans. John Trevisa, 1398). De proprietatibus rerum (On the Properties of Things). Westminster: Wynkyn de Worde. Chaucer, Geoffrey. (c. 1387–1400). The Canterbury Tales ("The Wife of Bath's Tale"). London: William Caxton. Cocker, Mark, & Mabey, Richard. (2005). Birds Britannica. London: Chatto & Windus. Defoe, Daniel. (1724–1726). A Tour Thro' the Whole Island of Great Britain. London: G. Strahan. Jefferies, Richard. (1883). Nature Near London. London: Chatto & Windus. Jones, Richard. (2012). Manure in the Middle Ages: Sense of Place, Toponymy, and Environmental Perception in Early Medieval England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Jørgensen, Dolly. (2019). Recovering Lost Species in the Modern Age: Histories of Longing and Belonging. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Mynott, Jeremy. (2008). Birds in the Ancient World: Winged Words. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 河南省测绘地理信息局, 鹤壁市自然资源和规划局. (2019). 《鹤壁市国土空间规划与地名演变历史考略》 [R]. 郑州: 河南省测绘地理信息局. 深圳市档案馆. (2022). 《追寻档案踪迹：深圳别名“鹏城”源流与大鹏所城历史》 [R/OL]. 深圳: 深圳市人民政府/深圳市档案馆. 芜湖市人民政府, 芜湖市统计局. (2024). 《芜湖市概况、历史沿革与“鸠兹”古地名考》 [R/OL]. 芜湖: 芜湖市人民政府官网. 辛晓娟. (2024-07-19). 《雁塔题名：唐代士人的荣耀与记忆》 [N]. 光明日报 / 光明网. 鹤山市人民政府文化馆. (2020). 《鹤山置县、客家移民开垦与“十七村”历史考略》 [R/OL]. 江门: 广东省鹤山市人民政府网. 鹰潭市地方志编纂委员会. (2011). 《鹰潭地名源流与水文地质自然地理考》 [M]. 鹰潭: 鹰潭市地方志办公室. BGM We Will Rock You / Eye of the Tiger / Clumsy Lover | Red Hot Chilli Pipers | The Return of the Bagpipes 2011 故乡 - 桑杰才让

《荷马史诗》里的鸟，藏着古希腊人惊人的自然观察力。成书于公元前8世纪的《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》记录了三十多种鸟，细节精准得让现代鸟类学家惊叹。希腊人关注鸟类的解剖特征与行为逻辑，我们的先民则赋予了鸟深厚的道德与政治寓意。 东西方文明不约而同地将观察写入天空。一方是严谨的“野外解剖学”，一方是温情的“道德物候学”，羽毛翻飞间，就能映照出我们人类理解世界的两种浪漫路径。 战神和智慧女神雅典娜头盔上的小鸮 古希腊的装饰品 在雕塑柱子上的猫头鹰 参考文献： * Boraston, J. Maclair. "The Birds of Homer." The Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol. 31, 1911, pp. 216–250. * Mutschler, Fritz-Heiner (ed.). The Homeric Epics and the Chinese Book of Songs: Foundational Texts Compared. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2018. * Arnott, W. Geoffrey. Birds in the Ancient World from A to Z. London & New York: Routledge, 2007. * Johansson, Karin. The Birds in the Iliad: Identities, Interactions and Functions. (Gothenburg Studies in History, 2). Göteborg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2012. * 颜重威. 《诗经里的鸟类》. 台北: 乡宇文化, 2004. * 招祥麒. 《诗歌，使鸟的生命延展永生——谈〈诗经〉中的鸟》. 灼见名家 (Master Insight), 2023. * 《人民论坛》编辑部. 《中国古代保护鸟类的道德义务、执行机构及精神历程》. 《人民论坛》期刊, 2025. * 中央纪委国家监委网站. 《“关关雎鸠”的雎鸠是什么鸟：传统文化名物考》. 中央纪委监察部网站客户端, 2017. * 中国教育新闻网. 《先秦与汉魏古典诗歌中的禽鸟意象演变》. 中国教育报/文化专栏, 2019. * 香港岭南大学中文系. 《诗经里的鸟民族——“天命玄鸟，降而生商”与上古鸟图腾考》. 岭南大学学术典藏, 2018. * 国家林业和草原局. 《〈诗经〉名物博物考：风诗中的“鸠”与古人观鸟》. 国家林草局科普专栏, 2026. * 光明网. 《〈关雎〉与先秦贵族审美及鸟类象征》. 《光明日报》文学遗产版, 2021. * 科技大观园. 《“多识于鸟兽草木之名”：〈论语〉与〈诗经〉中的自然认知》. 科技部科普数据库. * 香港特别行政区政府教育局. 《高中中国语文科推荐篇章导读：〈周南·关雎〉》. 课程发展处, 2021