L2 故事转述 转述练习 中英文对照 这个故事讲的是作者在周末的习惯。The story is about the writer’s habit on weekends.他常常喜欢在周日睡懒觉，有时到吃午饭的时候才床。He always stays in bed for a long time on Sundays, and sometimes he will not get up until lunch time.上周日，他又很晚才起床, 起来时发现天色已经昏暗。Last Sunday, he once again got up very late and found it was very dark outside.当作者看到外面又下雨了，他开始抱怨天气很糟糕。When the writer knew it was raining again，he complained about （抱怨） the bad weather.就在那时，他接到了姑妈Lucy的电话，Lucy 正在来看他的路上。Just at that time, he got a phone call from his Aunt Lucy who was coming to visit him.作者有点惊讶和尴尬，因为他还在吃早餐。The writer was a little bit surprised and embarrassed because he was still hng breakfast.但是她的姑妈更加吃惊，因为那时已经都下午一点钟了。But his Aunt was even more surprised because it was already one o’clock in the afternoon. 转述练习全英文 请在课后自行练习 想象你正在和一个老外谈论一个自己的朋友Tom： I have a close friend Tom. He is such a slacker （懒虫）.He always stays in bed for a long time on Sundays, and sometimes he will not （这里will表示意愿） get up until lunch time. Last Sunday, he once again got up very late. When he found it was very dark outside, Tom thought it was raining again and complained about （抱怨） the bad weather. Just at that time, he got a phone call from his Aunt Lucy who was coming to visit him. Tom was a little bit surprised and embarrassed because he was still having breakfast. But his Aunt was even more surprised because, it was already one o’clock in the afternoon. 文化拓展 brunch文化的流行 （详细请听音频） 懒虫：slacker Slack v. 作为动词就是松懈，偷懒的意思。 Some people get up very late because they are slackers. But others sleep more on the weekends only because they work too hard and sleep too little during the weekdays. 但有些人周末睡懒觉是因为工作日缺觉。 周末补觉的人：sleep camel A sleep camel is a person who gets little sleep during the week, and then attempts to make up for it by sleeping a lot during the weekends. 早午餐：brunch If people get up late in the morning on weekends, they usually have brunch. Brunch 就是breakfast 和lunch 两个词的结合。 Brunch is a combination of breakfast and lunch. It originated in England in the late 19th century and became popular in the United States in the 1930s. 社会学家Farha Ternikar在其著作《Brunch：A history》《早午餐的历史》中指出：美国人对于早午餐的喜欢，不亚于周末看橄榄球。 "Weekend brunch is as American as Sunday football." Breakfast is the beginning of a workday, while brunch marks the beginning of a happy weekend. 很多酒店的brunch是自助餐，就是buffet. Brunch通常会包含西式早餐中的常见食品： eggs鸡蛋, sausages香肠，bacon培根烤肉， 火ham腿肉，fruits水果，pastries油酥糕点，waffles 华夫饼

1. I never get up early on Sundays. 【讲解】 on Sundays 要特别留意用了复数形式，表示一种习惯，每个星期日相当于 every Sunday。 你每周六都要去游泳，无论冬夏。 I always go swimming on Saturdays. 如果是具体某个星期六，就要用单数。 我上周六，去游泳了。 Last Saturday, I went swimming. 频度副词 0% 从不 never 5% 很少 seldom I seldom get up early on Sundays. 【一年中有一两次周末早起】 10% 偶尔 occasionally I occasionally get up early on Sundays. 【每个季度有一两次早起】 20-30% 有时 sometimes I sometimes get up early on Sundays. 【每个月有一次早起】 60-70% 常常 often, frequently I often get up early on Sundays. 【每个月最多一次没有早起】 80% 通常 usually I usually get up early on Sundays. 【每年可能偶尔一两次不早起】 100% 总是 always I always get up early on Sundays 【从来没有不早起】 2. What a day ! 【讲解】 作者看到窗外一片黑暗：喊了一句 What a day ! 什么鬼天气啊 这句话完整的说法： What a terrible day it is ! 来自于陈述句： It is a terrible day. 把主语和谓语放到最后，最前面加个What. 而感叹句的主语谓语it is 往往省略： What a terrible day ! 如果感叹一个人一件事很糟糕的时候，往往形容词也省略. 场景： 你开了辆车，没开一公里就抛锚了。 What a car ! 这算什么车啊！ 如果是赞叹，形容词不省略 场景： 如果天气很好，万里无云： What a beautiful day ! 感叹诸葛亮，好聪明的一个人： What a smart man ! What a smart man Zhugeliang was ! 造句练习：（听记） 好棒的一部电影： 好高的一幢大楼： 3. It was my aunt Lucy. 【讲解】 注意这句话中为什么用：it 不用she 呢？ 因为在打电话、有人按门铃的时候, 由于我们不知对方是谁，往往用it 这个虚拟主语来指代人。 4. I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.' 【讲解】 注意这句话的时态 前面一句是完成时：表示动作已经做完。 场景： 你已经吃过饭。I have had dinner. 已经做完作业。I have done my homework. 后面一句，用了现在进行时： I am coming . 现在进行时表示正在发生的事，但这句中并不是表示正在发生的事，而是表示将来要做的事。 往往这种用法中，动词是瞬间动词，不是延续动词。 比如：leave 当你走出门那一刻，动作就完成了。die 当停止呼吸和心跳，动作就结束了。 造句练习：（听记） 我马上要离开北京。 我们马上会完成工作。 她已经奄奄一息了。（不能理解为正在死） 5. Dear me, Do you always get up so late ? 【讲解】 Dear me , 表示惊讶，我的天哪！ 你可以说：Oh，my dear， 或者 Oh, my goodness! 英语口语中这种表示惊讶的感叹很多: 一个球迷看到自己的足球队惨败，被对方踢成7-0， Oh, my God . 【注意：英美发音的不同】 Oh, My Gosh! 【Gosh=God，为避讳用Gosh】 Oh, Jesus！ 【还有人喜欢喊**】 词语拓展: 1）Holy cow， 类似中文：天哪，不会吧 去机场赶飞机，发现堵车, 飞机马上要起飞了 Holy cow, the plane will take off in half an hour，but we are still on the road. 2）遭遇很倒霉的事,很生气，可能会用另一个表达 Holy shit! Do you always _______? 体会一下，这个句型的语气, 往往表达一种惊讶甚至抱怨别人的一种毛病 场景： 一个人上课总是睡觉。老师训斥的时候会说：Do you always feel sleepy in my class? 一个小孩老是忘记关门？妈妈训斥他： Do you always forget to shut the door? 听记答案 好棒的一部电影： What a great movie ! 好高的一幢大楼： What a tall building ! 我马上要离开北京。 I am leaving Beijing . 我们马上会完成工作。 We are finishing our work. 她已经奄奄一息了。 She is dying.

转述练习 中英文对照 这个故事讲述了作者在剧场的一次经历。This story is about the author’s experience in a theatre.作者上周去看戏，并且获得一个很好的位子。He went to see a play last week and was sitting in a very good place.这出戏特别精彩,引人入胜，但是作者却没心情欣赏（引人入胜可以用attractive）。The play was pretty（=very）interesting andattractive. But the writer just could not enjoy the play .Why ?因为一个年轻男士和另外一位女士坐在后面大声聊天。Because a young man and a young lady were talking very loudly behind him.他们聊天的声音太大了，以至于作者连演员在说啥都听不见了。Their conversation was too loud and the writer just could not hear the actors.作者非常生气，于是转过身去怒视这两个人。The writer became very angry, so he turned around and looked at the two people angrily.但是两个人完全无视他的目光警告（警告: warning）。But his warning received no attention from the two people.最后，作者实在是忍无可忍，再次转身警告说：我一个字也听不见。Finally, the writer could not stand it anymore, and he turned around again and said : “I can’t hear a word.”但是，令人惊讶的是，年轻人回答说：这不关作者的事，那是一个私人的谈话。But surprisingly, the young man answered that it was none of the writer’s business because that was a private conversation.（注意这句话在转述时要用过去时，因为不是重复原话） 转述练习全英文 请在课后自行练习 例文： Hey, guys, I would like to share with you an interesting story I just read.This story is about the author’s experience in a theatre. He went to see a play last week and was sitting in a very good place. The play was pretty interesting and attractive. But the writer just could not enjoy the play . Why ? Because a young man and a young lady were talking very loudly behind him. Their conversation was too loud and the writer just could not hear the actors and became very angry. So he turned around and looked at the two people angrily. But his warning received no attention from the two people. Finally, the writer could not stand it any more , and he turned around again and said : “I can’t hear a word.” But surprisingly, the young man answered that it was none of the writer’s business because that was a private conversation. 好故事的五要素（请写出五要素的中文） 1、setting 2、conflict 3、development， 4、climax 5、resolution 文化拓展 Theatre Manners 剧场礼仪 If you go to the theatre , there are 5 important manners you should keep in mind.如果你去看戏，看电影，音乐剧，音乐会等，有5个重要的剧场礼仪要注意；1. Arrive early: to avoid being late, plan to arrive 30 minutes early.提前到场，最好提前30分钟If you arrive late, you must wait patiently until there is a break in the performance.如果你迟到了，就必须在外面等待，直到幕间休息才能入场2. Don’t make any noises during the performance. Turn off cell phones and other electronic devices.观看表演时不要发出声响，关闭手机及其他电子设备。If you forgot to turn off your cell phone and it rings during the performance, immediately turn it off, do not answer the call.You can always check for messages during the intermission（幕间休息）.3. When are you supposed to applaud?什么时候应该鼓掌呢？Applaud after a well performed song or dance during a scene,一首好听的歌曲，一支精彩舞蹈结束之后，after each scene or act,一个场景,一幕戏结束，and at curtain call（谢幕）.在演员谢幕时，都是应该鼓掌的时候。演员最希望这些时候得到你的正面反馈，也就是热烈鼓掌。如果你想喊的话，教大家一个词：Bravo ! （好棒！！）Performers appreciate enthusiastic applause, shouts of "Bravo" and standing ovations.（起立鼓掌）4. At the end of the performance during curtain call, don't rush for the exits. It's very rude to the actors.在演出结束演员谢幕的时候，不要冲向出口，对演员而言这非常不礼貌。5.Do not eat and/or drink during the performance.不要在演出时吃喝。和看电影不一样，舞台上的演员是现场表演，吃东西，不仅让演员感到你没有足够尊重。It's too distracting, and out of consideration to the actors and your neiors. Save the snacking for intermission.

1. Aunt n. 姑姑，阿姨，婶，舅母 Aunt ：与母亲同辈的女性亲戚 Uncle : 与父亲同辈的男性亲戚，叔叔，伯伯，舅舅 我曾经很好奇问我一个美国朋友， If you call someone “aunt ”, how do you know she is your father’s sister or mother’s sister ? 你们怎么区分你爸爸的妹妹，还是你妈妈的妹妹。 他回答：“We don’t care about that . So we just call them by name. ”我们才不在乎那么多，我们只记得他们的名字，比如：Aunt Mary, Aunt Abby，Uncle Kevin，Grandpa John 文化拓展 这也反应了中美文化差异，中国人的交往中特别在乎身份和辈分。We care a lot about seniority (辈分) in the family and social status. 所以，除了同辈、同学、同事互称名字，有辈分和职位差异都要加上title头衔。 但：美国人在交往当中主张平等。大多数美国人都不愿意自己因年龄或社会地位的关系而特别受人尊敬，这样反而使他们觉得不自在。 当然，美国有一个著名人物，大家喜欢称呼他的辈分，这个人叫 Uncle Sam, 为什么？因为他的名字就代表 United States...... 2.Until prep./conj. 直到 1）一件事一直持续到…. 比如情书中常用句： I will love you until the last moment of my life. 我会爱你直到生命的最后一刻 听上去好肉麻，当然，我们中国人表达爱的时候会比较含蓄（implicit）；张学友的歌：我等到了花都谢了。 I waited for you until the flowers withered. 【注意：wither v. 凋谢 ；这里until变成一个连词】 比如：睡前很多小孩喜欢听故事： 小女孩听着故事直到睡着为止。 The little kid listened to the story until she fell asleep. 2）“not … until”，表示直到…时候才.. 如：你去参加一个聚会，妈妈问，你什么时候回来啊？你说，我要到10点才回来 。英文不能说：I will be back until 10 pm.为什么？ 因为回来这个动作不能一直持续，所以英文中的表达是 I won’t be back until 10 o’clock. 【won’t be back 字面意思就是不在家的状态持续到10点】 造句练习： 1）朋友问你说你要今天就要离开上海了么？ 回答：不，我要到明天才离开上海。 I won’t leave Shanghai until tomorrow. 2）Mike常常到半夜才睡觉（听记） 3）我直到昨天才知道，他一直在撒谎（听记） 3. Outside adj. / adv./n. 外面，在外面 在里面怎么表达呢？ Inside , 这是一对反义词 造句练习： 1） 比如：天气很好，吃过午饭，你建议朋友说，我们去外面走走吧,呼吸点新鲜空气。 It is a nice day. Let us walk outside and get some fresh air. 不要宅在屋里面 Don’t stay inside the house. Inside 就是在里面 2） 你在家里休息，突然，外面传来一声巨响。你会情不自禁地向窗外看去。 When I heard a loud sound , I looked outside. Look outside 就表示往外看。 Look outside VS Look out Look out 小心 look outside 向外看 Look out 之外，Watch out 也可表示小心。 When you see the sign “watch out” , you should be careful. 怎么理解呢？字面意思是向外看，其实是要你关注外面的世界，别只是关注自己。 4.Ring v. 铃声响 比如电话铃响了The telephone is ringing. 我的手机铃响了 My cellphone is ringing. 门铃响了 The doorbell is ringing. 学校的上课铃响了 （听记） 铃声往往象征着开始， 世界各地人们喜欢用钟声或铃声来辞旧迎新 所以英文中辞旧迎新就叫做：ring out the old year, and ring in the new. 造句练习: 我们计划举办一个派对来迎接新年： We are planning a big party to ring in the new year. Ring a bell 回忆起某事 很早以前，我和一个美国朋友Sean在聊天， 我问他说：Hi, Sean, Have you heard of Sunwukong, the Monkey King ? 他回答说：“This name rings a bell with me.” 我问他说： Why did you say a bell. The Monkey king didn’t have a bell. 他笑了笑说：No, I didn’t mean he had a bell. I meant this name sounded familiar to me” 原来ring a bell的意思就是听上去很熟悉，但又记不太清楚。 If you say that something rings a bell, you mean that it reminds you of something, but you cannot remember exactly what it is. 这个表达是不是很形象？ 如： 有一天突然听到一首老歌，旋律特别熟悉，但一时半伙儿又想不起来，用英文可以怎么说呢？最地道的说法就是：The song rings a bell with me. 5.Repeat v. 重复 = do something again 比如：有人问你一个问题，你没听清，你说：你能重复一下你的问题吗？（听记） 比如：一个人老是重复同样的错 (比如：老是) The man repeats the mistake. 名言警句 “It is not a mistake to make a mistake , but it is a mistake to repeat the mistake” 犯错并不是错，但是重复犯错就不可原谅了。 所以，中国人说：吃一堑长一智，英文也有类似表达：A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit（pit n. 地上的坑 wit n.智慧） 最后我们来学习repeat的名词： Repetition n. 再给大家一句著名的谚语：Repetition is the mother of skills. 重复是技能之母。学任何技能都需要重复练习，无论是游泳，开车，还是英语，都离不开重复的练习：because practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧 任何一个领域成为世界顶尖高手，都需要用正确的方法，练习超过10,000小时。 You have to practice in the correct way for at least 10,000 hours, if you wish to become a world-class expert. 无论是钢琴，小提琴，篮球，游泳，画画，英文都是如此。 You have to go out of your comfort zone（舒适区） . Keep learning and keep growing. 听记答案 Mike常常到半夜才睡觉。 He won’t go to bed until midnight. 我直到昨天才知道，他一直在撒谎。 I didn’t know he was lying until yesterday. 学校的上课铃响了。 The school bell is ringing . 你能重复一下你的问题吗？ Would you please repeat your question？

1. Last week I went to the theatre. 【讲解】 1）go to the theatre “去看戏” 不要字面理解为“去剧院” go to + place，place 往往并不特指地点，而是表达”参加活动，做某事” 如：go to church 去做礼拜，go to bed 睡觉 如： 去看电影：go to the cinema / go to a movie （美语口语） = go to see a movie 上学读书 go to school 上大学 go to college Where did you go to college ? I went to Zhejiang University. 读研究生 （听记） 2）简单句中时间状语的位置 Last week, I went to the theatre. = I went to the theatre last week. 注意:中文的时间放在前面或中间 对比例句，写出下句的两种语序形式 上周末，我去了迪斯尼乐园。（听记） 2. I got very angry. 【讲解】 get angry 表达变化过程 = become angry 体会作者的心情，由喜转怒的过程。一开始，心情很好，而两个年轻人的聊天，把心情给搅和了。 2. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. 'I can't hear a word!' I said angrily. 【讲解】 最后 in the end = at last = finally 最初 in the beginning 忍无可忍 I could not bear it any more. 这里用了I can’t hear a word ，而不是，I can’t hear any words. Not … a ，比not … any 语气更强烈 场景： 小A，向小B借钱；小A从来借钱不还。 小B说： 我不会再给你钱了。 （听记） 说的狠一点： 3. 'It's none of your business,' the young man said rudely. 'This is a private conversation!' 【讲解】 在面对作者警告的时候，年轻人却粗鲁地说：It is none of your business.不管你的事。这句话往往用于警告别人少管闲事。 场景： 学校里有些学霸老是问你考了多少分，你如果考的不好，不想让他知道：（听记以下对话） 不关你的事。 管好你自己的事。[mind v.照料=take care of] 不要这么爱管闲事。（Nosy adj. ['nozi]爱管闲事的） In the story , the young man thought the author was very nosy. 最后一句：This is a private conversation .重音应落在哪个词？ 听记答案 读研究生 go to graduate school 上周末，我去了迪士尼乐园。 Last weekend, I visited the Disneyland. I visited the Disneyland, last weekend. 我不会再给你钱了。 I won’t give you any money. 说的狠一点: I won’t give you a cent/penny. 不关你的事。 It is none of your business. 管好你自己的事。 Mind your own business. 不要这么爱管闲事。 Don’t be so nosy.

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感谢您的信任，对课程有兴趣同学：可以加东欣老师weixin：liudongxin3998, 备注“小宇宙听众” Lesson1 词汇脱口秀 1. Private adj.私人的 对比：private vs. public When you say something is private, you mean it is not public. 场景：私人房间，禁止入内 Sorry, This is a private room. You cannot come in without my permission. my room与private room的表意差别 词组： 1.私家车 （听记） 造句：随着生活水平提高，在中国越来越多家庭有了私家车。（听记） 2.私人飞机 private plane, private jet 造句：空军一号不是一家私人飞机，这架飞机是为美国总统特制的。 Air Force One is not a private plane , but it is the plane specially-built for the president of the United States. 3.私立学校 （听记） 造句：富有的家庭通常把他们的孩子送入私立学校。 文化拓展： 私立大学与公立大学 private university and public university 小问题：你能写出几所美国私立大学和公立大学？ 私有企业与上市公司 private company and puic company 文化拓展：隐私禁忌 1） privacy n.隐私 造句：在网络时代，隐私很容易被侵犯。所以，我们要不仅要保护自己的隐私，而且要尊重别人的隐私。 In the internet age, privacy is easily invaded. So we not only need to protect our privacy but respect others’privacy. 和外国人交流时的隐私禁忌 1、age 年龄 2、income 收入 3、marital status 婚恋状况 privacy的延伸含义 独处、清净 场景：奔波一天后的回家感受 造句：我真的很累，我需要独处。 （听记） 2. Conversation n.谈话 = an informal talk in which people exchange news, feelings, and thoughts 词根记忆法：（听记） con（ ）vers（ ）ation（ ） 常见的谈话类型： 1） talk conversation is informal , and a talk can be either formal or informal. ▷正式谈判 和平会谈 Peace Talks 六方会谈 Six-party Talks ▷非正式谈话 造句：我和我的父亲长谈一夜。（听记） 2）chat闲聊 造句：他喜欢和朋友在网上聊天。（听记） 3）gossip 说闲话、八卦绯闻、流言蜚语（尤其指涉及某人隐私） gossip也指专门说闲话的人 造句：喜欢说闲话的人通常是个大嘴巴（听记） IBM = International Big Mouth BMW = Big Mouth Woman 3. Theatre n.电影院，剧院，戏院 文化拓展：西方戏剧 Shakespeare's Globe Theatre 莎士比亚环球剧院 Broadway theatres 百老汇 Athens 希腊雅典 The Acropolis 雅典卫城 Dionysus 狄奥尼索斯 酒神 Aeschylus 埃斯库罗斯 悲剧之父 Tragodia and Komoidia 山羊之歌和狂欢之歌 悲剧和喜剧 Tragedy and Comedy Tragedy： 莎士比亚著名悲剧《哈姆雷特》《Hamlet》 [ˈhæmlɪt] Comedy: 莎士比亚的《威尼斯商人》《The merchant of Venice》 [ˈvɛnɪs] 文化拓展：电影主题 1、 science fiction 2、 horror film 3、 war film 4、 action movie 5、 cartoon 6、 romantic film 7、 Documentary 4. Play n.戏剧 歌剧：opera 比如莫扎特歌剧巅峰之作The Marriage of Figaro [fi’garo] 京剧：Peking Opera 音乐剧：musical 比如：百老汇Broadway的《Cats》 肥皂剧：soap opera ,也叫sitcom =situation comedy 比如：《Friends》 电视剧：TV series 5. Loudly adv.大声地 说话音量大小： loudly 很吵（形容词loud） louder 大声一点 aloud 出声 场景：（听记） 你打电话时，对方默不作声： 请说出声音来 说得很小声时听不见：对不起，我听不到你，能说大点声吗？ 对方突然吼了一句：你现在能听见了吗！？ 差点把你耳朵震聋了，你说：嘿！你太吵了！不要大声说话！ 6. Attention n.注意力 常用句型：Your attention, please！！ 场景： Your attention, please! Flight BA766 is now boarding. （听记） 场景：当你宣布一件事，希望得到注意时（听记） 女士们先生们，可以注意一下吗？ 我要作一个重要宣布。 我就要结婚了。 常用短语： 1）pay attention to sth. 关注 造句：我们应该对交通安全更加关注。 2）attract / draw one’s attention 引起关注 造句：电影星球大战获得了大量关注。 3）receive attention from 获得…关注 7. Business （n.）1.要关注或做的事 2.商业 1）商业，一个企业 MBA = Master of Business Ainistration A business person is supposed to be very busy. This is what “business” is all about. 2）事情（你应该做或关注的事）= Things someone should be involved in 场景：主持人希望会议话题重回主线（请根据音频尝试翻译，答案在本讲最后） Hey, ladies and gentlemen , please take your seats. Let us get down to business. 名言警句 “The business of the American people is business.” ——January 1925 President Calvin Coolidge 美国第30任总统卡尔文·库利奇 文化拓展 “美国人民的事就是商业。”美国是现代商业最发达的国家，人们对商业机构尊敬，因为美国的价值观当中崇尚自由竞争。认为这是保障自由平等的核心。 Most Americans respect competitive business organizations, because they believe competition is the major source of equality and progress. 听记答案 私家车 private car 随着生活水平提高，越来越多家庭有了私家车。 A growing number of Chinese families have private cars. 富有的家庭通常把他们的孩子送入私立学校。 Rich families usually send their kids to private schools. 我真的很累，我需要独处。 I am really tired , and I need some privacy 我和我的父亲长谈一夜。 I had a long talk with my father last night. 英文的前缀，相当于中文中的偏旁部首 英文的词根，决定单词最主要的部分 英语的后缀，表示一个单词的词性 他喜欢和朋友在网上聊天。 He likes chatting with friends on-line. 喜欢说闲话的人通常是个大嘴巴。 A gossip usually has a big mouth. 打电话场景： Please speak aloud. Sorry, I can’t hear you. Please speak louder. “Can you hear me, NOW ???” Hey，you are too loud. Don’t talk loudly. Your attention, please! Flight BA766 is now boarding. 请注意！BA766航班就要登机了！ 宣布场景： Ladies and gentlemen , may I have your attention please ? I would like to make an important announcement . I have received an offer from Harvard. 我们应该对交通安全更加关注。 We should pay greater attention to traffic safety. 电影星球大战获得了大量关注。 The movie Star Wars has attracted massive attention. 主持场景： 女士们先生们，请回到你们的座位上。 让我们言归正传吧。